CASE and DECODE

CASE Expression

SELECT first_name,
       department_id,
       CASE department_id
           WHEN 10 THEN 'Administration'
           WHEN 20 THEN 'Marketing'
           ELSE 'Others'
       END AS department_name
FROM employees;

DECODE Function

SELECT first_name, DECODE(department_id, 10, 'Admin', 20, 'Marketing', 'Other') AS dept_name FROM employees;